The chipmaker said it had reached agreements with Apollo, BlackRock, Blackstone, Brookfield, Goldman Sachs and KKR.
The deals mark a push to treat AI computing infrastructure, or "compute", as a new investment asset class.
Nvidia chief executive Jensen Huang said: "In AI, compute is revenue.
"We are bringing the world’s leading long-term capital providers together to independently underwrite AI infrastructure."
The funding will support Nvidia’s own projects and infrastructure being developed by its partners.
That is expected to include data centres packed with the processors needed to train and run AI models, alongside facilities for manufacturing advanced chips.
Nvidia GPUs have become central to the AI industry, powering services from companies including Google, Meta, Amazon, Microsoft, OpenAI and Anthropic.
Demand for the chips has helped Nvidia’s market value rise dramatically as technology companies pour money into AI development.
The latest investment push reflects the enormous infrastructure requirements behind that spending.
Major technology and AI companies have collectively invested more than $1 trillion in AI projects and infrastructure over the past three years, with spending expected to increase further.
Huang described Nvidia’s role in the AI boom as having moved beyond simply making chips.
He said: "Today, we are helping create a new class of productive, investable infrastructure: AI factories."
KKR co-chief executives Joe Bae and Scott Nuttall said compute had become a critical infrastructure asset, adding that the challenge was delivering the projects rather than simply funding them.
They said: "Delivery, not ambition, is the hard part."
Apollo president Jim Zelter similarly described modern computing infrastructure as a "scarce, mission-critical asset class" that could drive long-term economic growth.
The move comes as AI companies increasingly seek outside financing to build the infrastructure needed to meet demand. BlackRock recently agreed a deal with Meta to finance and take majority ownership of a data centre in Texas.
Anthropic has also secured infrastructure financing from Macquarie Asset Management and Singapore’s GIC, saying demand for its Claude chatbot requires significant new computing capacity.
